Friday, February 12, 2010
Thursday, February 11, 2010
LED energy-saving lamp
LED I have done more than a year, driving in difficult, on-line information is also a lot of, you can look at. I think LED itself is more important to understand, only to find out its temper, in order to design a good drive to. Some time ago to go to Shanghai to participate in the international LED Technology Show, rewarding to the latest information on LED principle of the discussion follows, but it is not affixed on the map, you want to help:
1, LED light-emitting mechanism: PN junction barrier voltage to a certain extent, when the Canadian base forward bias voltage drop times, P area and N area the majority of the proliferation of carriers to each other. As the electron mobility is much greater than the hole mobility, it will be a large number of e-zones spread to the P constitutes the P District minority carrier injection. These electronic belt hole recombination with the price of the composite when the energy to get the release out in the form of light. This is the PN junction light-emitting principle.
2, LED luminous efficiency: commonly known as the components of the external quantum efficiency as a component of their internal quantum efficiency and removal efficiency of the product components. The so-called components of the internal quantum efficiency, in fact, their electro-optical conversion efficiency of components, the main features and components themselves (such as component materials, energy band, defects, impurities), a component of the composition and crystal structure of barrier-related. The removal efficiency of the component refers to the components of internally generated photons, after component itself, absorption, refraction, reflection in a practical component to the external measurable number of photons. Thus, with regard to the efficiency of removal of factors, including the absorption of the component material itself, a component of the geometric structure, components and packaging materials and components of the refractive index of the structure of differential scattering characteristics, etc.. The components of the internal quantum efficiency and removal efficiency of the product components, that is, the luminous effect of the entire component, that is, the external quantum efficiency of the component. Early components of development was focused on improving its internal quantum efficiency, mainly by the quality of crystal by increasing the base and change the structure of crystal bases, so easy to convert electrical energy into heat energy, and thus indirectly enhance the LED luminous efficiency, and thus get about 70% of the Theory of internal quantum efficiency, but that the internal quantum efficiency is almost close to the theoretical limit. In such a situation, to improve the component alone is not possible to improve the internal quantum efficiency of the total amount of light components, and therefore improve the efficiency of the component out will become an important research topic. The current approach is mainly: grain shape change - TIP structure, surface roughening techniques.
3, LED Electrical Characteristics: Current-controlled device, the load characteristics similar to the PN junction of the UI curve of forward voltage for a very small change will cause great changes in forward current (index level), the reverse leakage current is small, there is reverse breakdown voltage. In actual use, should be selected. LED forward voltage with temperature and become smaller, with a negative temperature coefficient. LED power consumption, partly converted into light energy, which is what we need. The rest is converted into heat, so that the junction temperature rise. The heat (power) can be expressed as.
4, LED optical properties: LED provides is a great half-width of the monochromatic light, due to the semiconductor energy gap decreases with temperature rise, so it has a peak emission wavelength with temperature rise and growth, that is, spectrum red-shifted, the temperature coefficient of +2 ~ 3A /. Brightness LED forward current approximation of L and is proportional to:, K the proportional coefficient. Current increased brightness is also similar increases. Also brightness and the ambient temperature is also related to the ambient temperature is high, the compound reduced efficiency, reduced emission intensity.
5, LED thermal characteristics: low current, LED temperature is not obvious. If the ambient temperature is high, LED will be red-shift of the dominant wavelength, brightness will decline, light uniformity, consistency variation. In particular, dot matrix, large LED display temperature rise of the reliability, stability, influence is even more significant. Therefore, thermal design is critical.
6, LED life: LED's long decline caused by aging work will be light, especially for high-power LED, the light bad problem even worse. In measuring LED life, the only damage to the lamp end of life as the LED is not enough, and should be based on the percentage of LED light attenuation of the provisions of LED life, such as 35%, so that more meaningful.
7, high-power LED packages: the main consideration heat and Idemitsu. Cooling, the hot-lining with copper and then connected to the aluminum radiator, the grain and the thermal contrast between the piece of tin solder as the connection method of this cooling effect is better, a higher price. Idemitsu, the use of flip chip technology, and an increase in the bottom and side reflective surface reflecting light energy waste, so that there are consumers get more out of light.
8, white-light LED: class of natural spectrum white LED are mainly three types: the first is a relatively mature and has been the commercialization of blue-chip + yellow phosphor to obtain white, this white the lowest cost, but the blue light-emitting wavelength of the grain offset, intensity changes and the thickness of phosphor coating change will affect the uniformity of white light, and the spectrum was narrow band, color incomplete, color temperature high and low color rendering, lighting, gentle on the eye is not inconsistent . Through the evolution of the human eye is best adapted to sunlight, incandescent continuous spectrum is the best color temperature of 2500K, color rendering index is 100.
Therefore, this white light still needs to be improved, such as gado luminescence process to improve the spectrum, so that continuous and wide enough. The second is the ultra-violet or purple chip + red, blue, green, three-color phosphors to obtain white light similar to fluorescent light-emitting principle, the method has better color, and UV-LED does not participate in the color white, so UV -LED wavelength and intensity fluctuations for the distribution will not be out of white light in terms of particular sensitivity, and can be colored phosphors by the selection and matching, modulation an acceptable color temperature and color rendering of white light. But equally there is the effective conversion efficiency of phosphors used in low, in particular, the efficiency of red phosphors require substantial increase in problems. Poor stability of such light-emitting phosphor, light a larger decline, with the choice of phosphor wavelength UV, UV-LED production of packaging material difficulty and the development of anti-UV is also necessary to overcome the difficulties. The third principle is to use three primary colors RGB three kinds of ultra-high-brightness LED will be combined to form white light, the method has the advantage of the conversion without having phosphor directly with a white light, in addition to avoid phosphor conversion losses are better luminous efficiency, but also separately control the red, green and blue LED's luminous intensity, and reached full-color of the color effect (variable color temperature), and may by the LED wavelength and intensity of the choices are better color rendering. But the problem is that this approach green conversion efficiency is low, mixed light difficult, driving circuit design complexity. In addition, because these three light colors are heat, heat dissipation issues that other packages of three times, has increased the use difficulties. Polarization and the three-wavelength LED-based white LED full-color will be the future direction of development.
1, LED light-emitting mechanism: PN junction barrier voltage to a certain extent, when the Canadian base forward bias voltage drop times, P area and N area the majority of the proliferation of carriers to each other. As the electron mobility is much greater than the hole mobility, it will be a large number of e-zones spread to the P constitutes the P District minority carrier injection. These electronic belt hole recombination with the price of the composite when the energy to get the release out in the form of light. This is the PN junction light-emitting principle.
2, LED luminous efficiency: commonly known as the components of the external quantum efficiency as a component of their internal quantum efficiency and removal efficiency of the product components. The so-called components of the internal quantum efficiency, in fact, their electro-optical conversion efficiency of components, the main features and components themselves (such as component materials, energy band, defects, impurities), a component of the composition and crystal structure of barrier-related. The removal efficiency of the component refers to the components of internally generated photons, after component itself, absorption, refraction, reflection in a practical component to the external measurable number of photons. Thus, with regard to the efficiency of removal of factors, including the absorption of the component material itself, a component of the geometric structure, components and packaging materials and components of the refractive index of the structure of differential scattering characteristics, etc.. The components of the internal quantum efficiency and removal efficiency of the product components, that is, the luminous effect of the entire component, that is, the external quantum efficiency of the component. Early components of development was focused on improving its internal quantum efficiency, mainly by the quality of crystal by increasing the base and change the structure of crystal bases, so easy to convert electrical energy into heat energy, and thus indirectly enhance the LED luminous efficiency, and thus get about 70% of the Theory of internal quantum efficiency, but that the internal quantum efficiency is almost close to the theoretical limit. In such a situation, to improve the component alone is not possible to improve the internal quantum efficiency of the total amount of light components, and therefore improve the efficiency of the component out will become an important research topic. The current approach is mainly: grain shape change - TIP structure, surface roughening techniques.
3, LED Electrical Characteristics: Current-controlled device, the load characteristics similar to the PN junction of the UI curve of forward voltage for a very small change will cause great changes in forward current (index level), the reverse leakage current is small, there is reverse breakdown voltage. In actual use, should be selected. LED forward voltage with temperature and become smaller, with a negative temperature coefficient. LED power consumption, partly converted into light energy, which is what we need. The rest is converted into heat, so that the junction temperature rise. The heat (power) can be expressed as.
4, LED optical properties: LED provides is a great half-width of the monochromatic light, due to the semiconductor energy gap decreases with temperature rise, so it has a peak emission wavelength with temperature rise and growth, that is, spectrum red-shifted, the temperature coefficient of +2 ~ 3A /. Brightness LED forward current approximation of L and is proportional to:, K the proportional coefficient. Current increased brightness is also similar increases. Also brightness and the ambient temperature is also related to the ambient temperature is high, the compound reduced efficiency, reduced emission intensity.
5, LED thermal characteristics: low current, LED temperature is not obvious. If the ambient temperature is high, LED will be red-shift of the dominant wavelength, brightness will decline, light uniformity, consistency variation. In particular, dot matrix, large LED display temperature rise of the reliability, stability, influence is even more significant. Therefore, thermal design is critical.
6, LED life: LED's long decline caused by aging work will be light, especially for high-power LED, the light bad problem even worse. In measuring LED life, the only damage to the lamp end of life as the LED is not enough, and should be based on the percentage of LED light attenuation of the provisions of LED life, such as 35%, so that more meaningful.
7, high-power LED packages: the main consideration heat and Idemitsu. Cooling, the hot-lining with copper and then connected to the aluminum radiator, the grain and the thermal contrast between the piece of tin solder as the connection method of this cooling effect is better, a higher price. Idemitsu, the use of flip chip technology, and an increase in the bottom and side reflective surface reflecting light energy waste, so that there are consumers get more out of light.
8, white-light LED: class of natural spectrum white LED are mainly three types: the first is a relatively mature and has been the commercialization of blue-chip + yellow phosphor to obtain white, this white the lowest cost, but the blue light-emitting wavelength of the grain offset, intensity changes and the thickness of phosphor coating change will affect the uniformity of white light, and the spectrum was narrow band, color incomplete, color temperature high and low color rendering, lighting, gentle on the eye is not inconsistent . Through the evolution of the human eye is best adapted to sunlight, incandescent continuous spectrum is the best color temperature of 2500K, color rendering index is 100.
Therefore, this white light still needs to be improved, such as gado luminescence process to improve the spectrum, so that continuous and wide enough. The second is the ultra-violet or purple chip + red, blue, green, three-color phosphors to obtain white light similar to fluorescent light-emitting principle, the method has better color, and UV-LED does not participate in the color white, so UV -LED wavelength and intensity fluctuations for the distribution will not be out of white light in terms of particular sensitivity, and can be colored phosphors by the selection and matching, modulation an acceptable color temperature and color rendering of white light. But equally there is the effective conversion efficiency of phosphors used in low, in particular, the efficiency of red phosphors require substantial increase in problems. Poor stability of such light-emitting phosphor, light a larger decline, with the choice of phosphor wavelength UV, UV-LED production of packaging material difficulty and the development of anti-UV is also necessary to overcome the difficulties. The third principle is to use three primary colors RGB three kinds of ultra-high-brightness LED will be combined to form white light, the method has the advantage of the conversion without having phosphor directly with a white light, in addition to avoid phosphor conversion losses are better luminous efficiency, but also separately control the red, green and blue LED's luminous intensity, and reached full-color of the color effect (variable color temperature), and may by the LED wavelength and intensity of the choices are better color rendering. But the problem is that this approach green conversion efficiency is low, mixed light difficult, driving circuit design complexity. In addition, because these three light colors are heat, heat dissipation issues that other packages of three times, has increased the use difficulties. Polarization and the three-wavelength LED-based white LED full-color will be the future direction of development.
LED display applications, including many of the socio-economic areas
1) advertising media: large-scale indoor and outdoor display as advertising media, a very shocking impact of the ads can be impressive, so as to achieve the purpose of advertising communication.
2) Sports Venue information display: Shanghai Sports Center, Dalian, Taiwan's major sports stadiums and many other venues have adopted the LED display as the primary means of information display.
3) Stage Background applications: large-screen LED displays have been increasingly directing their optimistic and make use of large main dance scene with the big picture to achieve the rendering.
4) The scheduling command center information display. Power dispatch, vehicle dynamic tracking, vehicle scheduling management, are gradually using high-density LED display.
5), airports, ports, railway stations dynamic information display: The LED display as the main information systems and broadcasting systems, ticketing and information systems together constitute the passenger hub in automation systems.
6) Information Release: securities trading, financial information display, road traffic information display and shopping malls, shopping centers, business services, publicity and information display.
2) Sports Venue information display: Shanghai Sports Center, Dalian, Taiwan's major sports stadiums and many other venues have adopted the LED display as the primary means of information display.
3) Stage Background applications: large-screen LED displays have been increasingly directing their optimistic and make use of large main dance scene with the big picture to achieve the rendering.
4) The scheduling command center information display. Power dispatch, vehicle dynamic tracking, vehicle scheduling management, are gradually using high-density LED display.
5), airports, ports, railway stations dynamic information display: The LED display as the main information systems and broadcasting systems, ticketing and information systems together constitute the passenger hub in automation systems.
6) Information Release: securities trading, financial information display, road traffic information display and shopping malls, shopping centers, business services, publicity and information display.
LED fluorescent lamp
Germany photoelectric LED fluorescent color (eg, right) series products have the following characteristics:
1, easy installation:
Shape, size and the traditional fluorescent lamp, as applicable to the traditional fluorescent lamp bracket, a direct replacement for the traditional fluorescent lamp (starter to get lost), to reduce the use of cost and convenience to consumers operate.
2, cooling technology:
Radiator using high thermal conductivity aluminum alloy extrusion molding, and the air contact area of 0.8 square meters, and with the surrounding air convection to form a good working temperature does not exceed 60 ℃, thus ensuring the stability and long lamp life.
3, Long life:
Environment protection and energy, lighting normal life 3-5 million hours light 12 hours a day, equivalent to the use of 6.8 years. 8W LED fluorescent is equivalent to traditional 20W fluorescent lamp brightness.
4, the scope of application:
Is mainly used in shopping malls, factories, schools, car parks, offices, hospitals and indoor lighting.
1, easy installation:
Shape, size and the traditional fluorescent lamp, as applicable to the traditional fluorescent lamp bracket, a direct replacement for the traditional fluorescent lamp (starter to get lost), to reduce the use of cost and convenience to consumers operate.
2, cooling technology:
Radiator using high thermal conductivity aluminum alloy extrusion molding, and the air contact area of 0.8 square meters, and with the surrounding air convection to form a good working temperature does not exceed 60 ℃, thus ensuring the stability and long lamp life.
3, Long life:
Environment protection and energy, lighting normal life 3-5 million hours light 12 hours a day, equivalent to the use of 6.8 years. 8W LED fluorescent is equivalent to traditional 20W fluorescent lamp brightness.
4, the scope of application:
Is mainly used in shopping malls, factories, schools, car parks, offices, hospitals and indoor lighting.
LED Street Lights
LED lights, compared with the traditional high pressure sodium lamp, in the light distribution performance, thermal performance, electrical performance, lifetime, power consumption, boot speed, strobe, a light efficiency and color rendering / identification sex, color temperature, bad glare, light pollution, fever, seismic performance, environmental pollution, maintenance cost, product size, weight, etc. all have advantages, high cost, overall performance is superior, and thus gradually become the preferred national street!
One, materials - high-purity aluminum reflector, lamp shell, and cooling body; high-strength glass enclosures; high-power LED light source; high-efficiency constant-current source of imports.
2, applies to places - city roads, sidewalks, squares, schools, parks, gardens, residential areas, outdoor lighting plant, as well as others who need a place.
3, Features --
a, with independent intellectual property rights package, single / stars high-power LED (30W-100W) as a light source, using a unique single-mode multiple-chip integrated group of light source design, selection of imported high brightness semiconductor chips;
b, first the shell integration design Radiator and Lamp, LED closely connects directly with the shell, through the shell and the air convection cooling heat-wing, fully guaranteed 50,000 hours of LED lamp life. In accordance with the work of 12 hours per day basis, their life is also more than 10 years, very low maintenance costs;
c, light shell aluminum die-casting molding, can effectively heat and waterproof, dustproof. Light surface corrosion-resistant UV treatment, the overall lighting to achieve IP65 standard;
d, monomer ellipse reflector with spherical cavity with the lone face in the design, targeting the LED light control issue within the framework of the need to enhance the lighting effect of a light uniformity and light energy utilization, better highlight the advantages of energy-saving LED street lamps . Compared with traditional sodium could be saving more than 60%;
e, no bad glare, no strobe. Eliminate the adverse ordinary lights glare caused by the glare, visual fatigue and line of sight interference, improve driving safety;
f, start without delay, and electricity supply that is up to normal brightness, without having to wait, eliminating the traditional lamp to start a long process;
g, green non-polluting: no lead, mercury and other pollution elements in the environment without any pollution;
h, and solar energy combined is a very good partner, give full play to LED low-voltage DC energy-saving environmental protection work and the advantages of solar photovoltaic panels and LED light combination for our customers to achieve the best cost performance and high reliability.
One, materials - high-purity aluminum reflector, lamp shell, and cooling body; high-strength glass enclosures; high-power LED light source; high-efficiency constant-current source of imports.
2, applies to places - city roads, sidewalks, squares, schools, parks, gardens, residential areas, outdoor lighting plant, as well as others who need a place.
3, Features --
a, with independent intellectual property rights package, single / stars high-power LED (30W-100W) as a light source, using a unique single-mode multiple-chip integrated group of light source design, selection of imported high brightness semiconductor chips;
b, first the shell integration design Radiator and Lamp, LED closely connects directly with the shell, through the shell and the air convection cooling heat-wing, fully guaranteed 50,000 hours of LED lamp life. In accordance with the work of 12 hours per day basis, their life is also more than 10 years, very low maintenance costs;
c, light shell aluminum die-casting molding, can effectively heat and waterproof, dustproof. Light surface corrosion-resistant UV treatment, the overall lighting to achieve IP65 standard;
d, monomer ellipse reflector with spherical cavity with the lone face in the design, targeting the LED light control issue within the framework of the need to enhance the lighting effect of a light uniformity and light energy utilization, better highlight the advantages of energy-saving LED street lamps . Compared with traditional sodium could be saving more than 60%;
e, no bad glare, no strobe. Eliminate the adverse ordinary lights glare caused by the glare, visual fatigue and line of sight interference, improve driving safety;
f, start without delay, and electricity supply that is up to normal brightness, without having to wait, eliminating the traditional lamp to start a long process;
g, green non-polluting: no lead, mercury and other pollution elements in the environment without any pollution;
h, and solar energy combined is a very good partner, give full play to LED low-voltage DC energy-saving environmental protection work and the advantages of solar photovoltaic panels and LED light combination for our customers to achieve the best cost performance and high reliability.
Solid-state Super Bright LED
LED (Light-Emitting-Diode) is a kind of electrical energy into visible light can be a semiconductor. Super Bright LED
1, LED Light Features：
(1) high efficiency in accordance with the usual definition of optical efficiency, LED luminous efficiency is not high (typically 10 ~ 30lm / W, now known to an orange-red light-efficient LED luminous efficiency can reach 55lm / W) However, as LED spectrum concentrated almost entirely on the visible light spectrum, efficiency can reach 80 ~ 90%, while the luminous efficiency of incandescent lamps is almost the efficiency of its visible light is only 10 ~ 20%.
(2) The high quality of light is not due to ultraviolet and infrared spectra, there is no heat, no radiation, LED light source is typically green.
(3) Light color purity with incandescent full-band spectrum is different from a typical LED spectral narrow, given the light is very pure.
(4) The energy consumption of the power of small single LED is generally 0.05 ~ 1W, through the cluster approach can be tailored to meet different needs, wasting very little. In particular, colored light is needed when using white light be struggling the way through the color filter and a waste of energy, while the inherent color LED is blessed.
(5) long life and luminous flux decay to 70% of the nominal life of 100,000 hours, in fact almost unlimited.
(6) is not a reliable and durable tungsten wire, glass, and so easy to damage the components, the possibility of non-normal retirement is very small, very low maintenance costs.
(7) The application of flexible and small, flat package can be easily developed into a short, light products, made of point, line, surface in various forms of specific applications.
(8) Security monomer voltage between roughly 1.5-5V, 350mA operating current in between. (9) short response time is suitable for frequent switching and high-frequency operation of occasions.
(10) green waste recycling, no pollution, unlike fluorescent lamps contain mercury components.
Second, applications of the Super Bright LED lamp can be applied to public security industry, railway industry, power industry, Super Bright LED and the night fishing enthusiasts with unprecedented high-quality outdoor lighting, signal lamps.
Public Security Department: police search lights, police car lights, car lights, bright flashlights, lights, emergency lights, portable lights, bright work lights. Railway Industry: High-quality special railway moving lights, railway lights Patrol Road, railway transfer lights, railway car inspection waist hanging lamps, railroad hand signals, lights, maintenance lights, maintenance lights, portable search lights, portable search patrols light, mobile emergency lights, LED flashlights and other bright lights, for example Super Bright LED .
Third, technical parameters 1-watt high-power light emitting diode technology parameters:
(1) Operating voltage: 3 volts;
(2) Working current: 330 milliamperes;
(3) Power: 1 W;
(4) Luminous flux: 35 lumens (white)
(5) Operating temperature: 70 degrees Celsius;
(6) Dimensions: φ24 × 6 mm
(7) Life: "50,000 hours
1, LED Light Features：
(1) high efficiency in accordance with the usual definition of optical efficiency, LED luminous efficiency is not high (typically 10 ~ 30lm / W, now known to an orange-red light-efficient LED luminous efficiency can reach 55lm / W) However, as LED spectrum concentrated almost entirely on the visible light spectrum, efficiency can reach 80 ~ 90%, while the luminous efficiency of incandescent lamps is almost the efficiency of its visible light is only 10 ~ 20%.
(2) The high quality of light is not due to ultraviolet and infrared spectra, there is no heat, no radiation, LED light source is typically green.
(3) Light color purity with incandescent full-band spectrum is different from a typical LED spectral narrow, given the light is very pure.
(4) The energy consumption of the power of small single LED is generally 0.05 ~ 1W, through the cluster approach can be tailored to meet different needs, wasting very little. In particular, colored light is needed when using white light be struggling the way through the color filter and a waste of energy, while the inherent color LED is blessed.
(5) long life and luminous flux decay to 70% of the nominal life of 100,000 hours, in fact almost unlimited.
(6) is not a reliable and durable tungsten wire, glass, and so easy to damage the components, the possibility of non-normal retirement is very small, very low maintenance costs.
(7) The application of flexible and small, flat package can be easily developed into a short, light products, made of point, line, surface in various forms of specific applications.
(8) Security monomer voltage between roughly 1.5-5V, 350mA operating current in between. (9) short response time is suitable for frequent switching and high-frequency operation of occasions.
(10) green waste recycling, no pollution, unlike fluorescent lamps contain mercury components.
Second, applications of the Super Bright LED lamp can be applied to public security industry, railway industry, power industry, Super Bright LED and the night fishing enthusiasts with unprecedented high-quality outdoor lighting, signal lamps.
Public Security Department: police search lights, police car lights, car lights, bright flashlights, lights, emergency lights, portable lights, bright work lights. Railway Industry: High-quality special railway moving lights, railway lights Patrol Road, railway transfer lights, railway car inspection waist hanging lamps, railroad hand signals, lights, maintenance lights, maintenance lights, portable search lights, portable search patrols light, mobile emergency lights, LED flashlights and other bright lights, for example Super Bright LED .
Third, technical parameters 1-watt high-power light emitting diode technology parameters:
(1) Operating voltage: 3 volts;
(2) Working current: 330 milliamperes;
(3) Power: 1 W;
(4) Luminous flux: 35 lumens (white)
(5) Operating temperature: 70 degrees Celsius;
(6) Dimensions: φ24 × 6 mm
(7) Life: "50,000 hours
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)